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SciExam for ENSO: Can AI Agents Build Climate Models?

L5 · ResearcherResearcharXiv· 10/7/2026

Evaluates AI's capability for genuine scientific discovery in climate modeling where ground truth is unknown.

AI Summary

Researchers introduce SciExam for ENSO, a where AI agents build climate models from observations, with six of twelve systems outperforming published models.

Excerpt

Language-model agents are increasingly asked to carry out open-ended scientific research, yet their results are usually graded against a known answer, a rubric, or a language-model reviewer, none of which can tell whether a new scientific model is valid. The AI Science Exam for El Nino-Southern Oscillation (SciExam for ENSO) is a benchmark in which agents build low-order stochastic models of ENSO, the dominant mode of interannual climate variability, from real observations. Within a six-hour bud

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